Abstract Background To evaluate anatomical and functional outcomes of patients with large submacular hemorrhage (SMH) who treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in combination with subretinal tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) injection. intraocular gas tamponade. and with additional post-operative interventions. Methods Medical records of 9 patients who presented with large SMH secon... https://chefesquipmenters.shop/product-category/rimmers/